Analysis of Irregular Blood Group Antibody Distribution and Blood Transfusion Efficacy in Patients with Malignant Tumor / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the distribution of irregular blood group antibodies in patients with malignant tumors, and to analyze the relationship between it and efficacy of blood transfusion in patients.@*METHODS@#5 600 patients with malignant tumors treated in Shanxi Bethune Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects. All patients received blood transfusion, and cross matching test was conducted before blood transfusion, irregular antibody results of patients were tested; the irregular distribution of blood group antibodies was observed, and the relationship between it and efficacy of blood transfusion in patients was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among 5 600 patients with malignant tumors, 96 cases were positive for irregular antibody, and the positive rate was 1.71%; the main blood group systems involved in the irregular antibody positive of 96 patients with malignant tumors were RH, MNSs and Duffy system, among which Rh blood group was the most common, and the proportion of anti-E was the highest; among the malignant tumor patients with positive blood group irregular antibody, the proportion of female was higher than that of male; the proportion of patients aged >60 years was the highest, followed by patients aged >40 and ≤50 years, and the proportion of patients aged 18-30 years was the lowest; the patients with positive blood group irregular antibody were mainly in blood system (including lymphoma), digestive system, reproductive and urinary system; the positive rate of irregular antibody of patients in the ineffective group was higher than that of patients in the effective group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis results showed that, irregular antibody positive was a risk factor for ineffective blood transfusion in patients with malignant tumor (OR>1, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The irregular blood group antibody positive of patients with malignant tumor are mostly female, and the proportion of patients aged >60 is the highest, which is mainly distributed in malignant tumors of blood system, digestive system and urogenital system, and the positive blood group irregular antibody is related to the efficacy of blood transfusion in patients.

Osteoking Promotes the Proliferation of BMSC through Activating TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway in Castrate Osteoporosis Rats / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To study the effect of OK on the differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) through the TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway in rats. Methods We removed the bilateral ovaries of rats to replicate OP model, and isolated and cultured BMSCs. BMSCs isolated from nomal rats were cultured as control group, BMSCs isolated from OP rats were divided into 5 groups, OP model group was regularly cultured, positive control group was treated with alendronate sodium (1 μmol/L), low, medium and high OK treatment group were treated with 50 mL/L, 100 mL/L and 200 ml/L OK respectively.After 24 h incubation, all cells were collected. The proliferation rate of BMSCs was determined by MTT method, and ELISA method was employed to detect the contents of bone formation markers, RT-qPCR was used to determine the m RNA expression level of TGFβ and the protein expression levels of TGFβ, p-Smad2/3 and of Smad2/3 were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with control group, the proliferation rate of the BMSCs in OP model group was reduced, concentrations of bone formation markers (OC, PINP and BALP) were reduced, m RNA and protein expression levels of TGFβ, as well as the phosphorylated level of Smad2/3 were downregulated.The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). After treatment with OK, compared with model group, all the above effects were ameliorated in different degree, a dose dependent manner was observed in OK treatment group, and the treatment effects of alendronate sodium (1 μmol/L), 100 mL/L and 200 mL/L OK group were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).Conclusion OK can promote the proliferation of osteoblasts by activating TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway to achieve the effect of treating postmenopausal OP.

Directional differentiation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells into neuronal cells induced by salidroside via Notch and BMP signal pathway / 中草药

Objective: To study the molecule mechanism of salidroside inducing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to directionally differentiate into neuronal cells via bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Notch signal pathways. Methods: Experiments were divided into control, induced, and blocked groups. The technologies, such as immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, and Western blotting were used to analyze the effect of salidroside on cellular proliferation, morphosis, and BMP and Notch signal pathways. Results: The immunofluorescence results showed that salidroside could affect cellular proliferation and induce MSCs to form the morphosis of neuronal cells. The positive rate of Notch1 and Jadge1 was significantly decrease to compare with the control (P < 0.05), real-time PCR results indicated that mRNA expression of Notch1 and Hes1 was obviously down-upregulated when treated with salidroside for 12-72 h (P < 0.05). However, Notch signal pathway was blocked with DAPT, a special inhibitor of Notch, the marker molecules of neuronal cells expression, such as neuron-specific enolase (NSE), microtubule associated protein 2 (MAP2), and β-tubulin III, were significantly increased when cells were treated with salisroside (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of Smad5 and Smad8 were up-regulated when cells were treated with salidroside for 12 h, expression of Smad1/5/8 protein was increased at 12 and 24 h. When BMP signal pathway was blocked with Noggin, a special inhibitor of BMP, NSE, MAP2, and β-tubulin III mRNA expression was decreased to compare with the salidroside induced group (P < 0.05); When Notch and BMP signal pathways were simultaneously blocked with DAPT and Noggin, MAP2 and β-tubulin III mRNA expression was increased more obviously than that of the blocked with Noggin. Meanwhile the expression of NSE and β-tubulin III protein was also up-regulated (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Salidroside promotes neuron-like differentiation of MSCs by negatively regulating the Notch pathway and activating BMP signal pathway, it plays a vital role for salidroside to inhibit Notch pathway on affecting MSCs differentiation.

Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway mediated Salidroside induced directional differentiation from mouse mesenchymal stem cells to nerve cells / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the molecule mechanism of Salidroside inducing directional differentiation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into neuronal cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mouse multipotent mesenchymal precursor cell line (D1) was taken as the objective. Cultured MSCs were divided into the negative control group (complete culture solution), the positive control group (containing 1 mmol/L β-mercaptoethanol), the Salidroside induced group (20 mg/L Salidroside), and the blocked group (20 ng/ ml DKK1, a special inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway). All cells were inoculated in a 6-well plate (1 x 10(4) cells/cm2) and grouped for 24 h. The expression of p-catenin was detected by fluorescence Immunochemistry in the negative control group, the positive control group, and the Salidroside induced group. The expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), beta 3 class III tubulin (β-tubulin III), nuclear receptor related factor 1 (Nurr1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) mRNA, Wnt3a, β-catenin, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein6 (LRP6), Axin mRNA were detected using reverse transcrip- tion PCR (RT-PCR). The expression of β-catenin and NSE protein were analyzed by Western blot in the negative control group, the positive control group, and the Salidroside induced group. Ca2+ chelating agents (EGTA), L-type Ca2+ channel blocker (Nifedpine), and IP3Ks special inhibitor (LY294002) were used to block Ca2+ signal pathway respectively. The expression of Wnt3a, LRP-6, Axin, glycogen syn- thase kinase (GSK-3), and β-catenin mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. The β-catenin protein expression was analyzed using Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the positive control group, β-catenin protein was strong positively expressed; the expression of Wnt3a, β-catenin, LRP6, Axin, NSE, β-tubulin III, Nurr1 mRNA, and NSE protein were obviously up-regulated in the Salidroside induced group (P < 0.01). Compared with the positive control group and the Salidroside induced group, β-catenin, NSE, Nurr1, and β-tubulin III mRNA expression decreased; β-catenin and NSE protein expression were also down-regulated in the blocked group (P < 0.01). Compared with the Salidroside induced group, the expression of Wnt3a, LRP-6, β-catenin, and Axin mRNA were down-regulated in the Ca2+ signal blocked group and the salidroside induced group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Salidroside affected directional differentia- tion of MSCs into neuronal cells through Wnt/β-catenin and Ca2+ signal pathway.</p>

Effect of Osteoking on Bone Mineral Density and Dickkopf-1 Protein Levels in Rabbits with Osteoporotic Fracture / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of Osteoking on bone mineral density (BMD) and serum Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) protein levels in rabbits with osteoporotic fracture (OPF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 45 female Japanese big-ear rabbits were randomly divided into the treatment group, the model group, and the blank control group (as the control group), 15 in each group. Bilateral ovaries were ectomized for 24 weeks in the treatment group and the model group. Their left radial factures were induced after confirmed osteoporosis. Rabbits in the treatment group were administered with Osteoking by gastrogavage, once per two days. Equal volume of normal saline was given to rabbits in the model group. The general BMD and serum DKK-1 protein levels were detected before ovariectomy, at week 24 and 48 after ovariectomy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was significant difference in the general BMD at week 24 after ovariectomy between the model group and the control group, and it was lower in the model group. Compared with the model group, the general BMD significantly increased and serum DKK-1 protein levels significantly decreased in the treatment group after intervention. Serum DKK-1 protein levels were significantly lower after intervention than before intervention in the treatment group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Osteoking could improve the BMD of OPF rabbits, and reduce their serum DKK-1 protein levels as well.</p>

Salidroside via ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway induces mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiation into neural cells / 药学学报

To investigate the role of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and PI3K/AKT/ mTOR signal pathway inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) differentiation into neural cells, mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell lines D1 cells were used as research object. And they were divided into control groups and salidroside (SD) groups. Different concentrations (5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 microg x mL(-1) of SD were used and SD (100 microg x mL(-1)) was used to induce at different time (0.5, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h). The immunofluorescence staining chemical technology, real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the positive rates of NSE, MAP2, beta-Tubulin III, NES, GFAP and the expression levels of beta-Tubulin III, NSE, ERK1/2, AKT. The expression of ERK1/2 and NSE was detected when the ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT/ mTOR signal pathway was blocked by PD98059 and LY294002. It indicated that the positive rates of NSE, MAP2, beta-Tubulin III, NES and GFAP were gradually enhanced with time increased. The expression level of NSE and beta-Tubulin III protein were significantly higher than those in control groups (P < 0.01). The expression of ERK1/2, AKT mRNA and protein were higher with concentration and time increased. When the ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway were blocked, the expression levels of NSE, NES and beta-Tubulin III mRNA and NSE protein were inhibited significantly. It points out that SD can stimulate the ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway to promote BMSCs differentiation into neural cells.

Effects of polychlorinated biphenyl on the expressions of c-fos, c-Myc and beta-catenin in the rat testis / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) on the phenotype of the testis tissue and the testis tissue and the expression c-fos, c-Myc and beta-catenin in the rat testis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-five Wistar male rats were divided into a control and three perimental groups, the former fed normally, and the latter with PCB at 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/kg respectively for 90 days. Then the effects of PCB on the phenotype of the testis tissue and the expressions of c-fos, c-Myc and p-catenin were determined by histopathology and immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Histopathological examinations revealed testis edema, damage of the mesenchymal phenotype, morphological changes of the contorted seminiferous tubules, absence of stromal cells, spermiocytes and prespermatids, and decreased number of sperm. The expressions of c-fos and c-Myc were significantly higher in the 1 and 10 mg/kg PCB groups than in the control and 0.1 mg/kg PCB groups (P < 0.01). The expression of beta-catenin was downregulated in the 0.1 mg/kg PCB group, with significant differences from the other groups (P < 0.01), but it was higher in the 1 mg/kg PCB than in the control and 10 mg/kg PCB groups (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PCB causes changes in the phenotype of the testis tissue, and the abnormal expressions of c-fos, c-Myc and beta-catenin are closely related to the PCB-induced testis injury.</p>

Experimental study on osteoking in promoting gene expression of core binding factor alpha 1 in necrotic femoral head of rabbits / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of Osteoking in promoting gene expression of core binding factor alpha 1 (cbfalpha 1) in necrotic femoral head of rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rabbit model of femoral head necrosis (FHN) was induced by intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 10 microg/kg body weight twice with an interval of 24 h and intramuscular injection with methyl prednisone (MPS) 20 mg/kg body weight 3 times. The dynamic changes of cbfalpha 1 gene expression in the femoral head were observed with immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The protein expression of cbfa 1 gene was negative in both model and treatment groups at the 4th week, it turned to weakly positive in the treatment group at the 8th and 12th week but still negative in the model group. The mRNA expression of cbfalpha 1 in the treatment group was 2.87 times that in the model group at the 12th week. There was no significant difference in cbfalpha 1 expression between the normal rabbits with or without Osteoking treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Osteoking could promote the endogenous cbfalpha 1 expression in the FHN, the effect is better along with the prolonging of the time applied. But it showed no affection on cbfalpha 1 expression in the normal femoral head of rabbits.</p>

The use of lateral mass screws and pedicle screws for the treatment of injury of lower cervical spine / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the effect of the use of the cervical lateral mass plates screws and T(1) pedicle screws for the treatment of C(6) to C(7) injury through posterior approach.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>There were 8 patients in the study group; Each of them had been injured with low cervical spine C(6) or C(7). There were 6 cases with C(6)-C(7) injury and 2 cases with C(7) injury. According to ASIA classification, 3 cases were in grade C and 5 cases in D. The lateral mass screws were placed on the lateral masses using Margel technique. Lamina or facet bone allografting were used to achieve a long-term stability.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All 8 patients were followed up from 5 to 37 months (mean 15 months). No operative death occurred. There were no cord or vertebral artery injury, cerebrospinal fluid leak, nerve roots injury, screw malposition or back out, loose of alignment or implant failure. Clinical symptom and ASIA classification were improved in all patients. Postoperative MRI scanning confirmed satisfactory screw placement in all cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This technique is safe and benefit to patients with low cervical spine C(6) or C(7) injury.</p>

Effects of polychlorinated biphenyl on bcl-2 and TGFbeta1 expression in rat testes / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) on bcl-2 and TGFbeta1 expression in rat testes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups at random: Group A (normal control), Group B (fed on 10(-8) mol/L PBC), Group C (feb on 10(-7) mol/L) and Group D (feb on 10(-6) mol/L). After three months, all the rats were killed, the animal model established, and observations made on the expression of bcl2 and TGFbeta1 in the rat testis using the optical microscope and immunohistochemical techniques.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The damage to the structure of the testis was related to the dosage of PCB: the higher the dodage, the more serious the damage. PCB induced the expression of bcl-2 and TGFbeta1. The TGFbeta1 expression was significantly higher in the highest dosage group than in others (P < 0.01 ), and the bcl-2 expression was dramatically higher in Group C than in other groups (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PCB can cause injury in rat testes.</p>

Clinical study on effect of Osteoking in preventing postoperational deep venous thrombosis in patients with intertrochanteric fracture / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of Osteoking ( masculine(1)i) in preventing postoperational deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with intertrochanteric fracture (ITF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>With prospective and randomized controlled clinical design adopted, 62 patients with ITF after operation were assigned into 2 groups, the tested group and the control group, Osteoking (25 ml every other day) and Sanchi-dansheng tablets (3 tablets thrice a day) were given orally to them respectively for 10 days. Difference of round length of thighs and shanks between two sides were measured on the 10th day and Doppler ultrasonic examination on the fractured leg was carried out.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The occurrence rate of DVT in the tested group was 9.4%, which was lower than that in the control group (30.0%, P < 0.05). All the difference of round lengths, either that of the thigh or the shank, was less in the tested group than that in the control group, showing statistical significance (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Osteoking has a satisfactory effect in preventing postoperational DVT in patients with ITF.</p>

Lower cervical spine injury treated with lateral mass plates and pedicle screws through posterior approach / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To treat injury of the lower cervical spine C6 to C7 with cervical lateral mass plates and T1 pedicle screws through posterior approach.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of 8 patients with lower cervical spine C6 or C7 injury (6 patients with fracture and dislocation in C6 and C7 and 2 with fracture in C7) were analyzed retrospectively in this study. For the preoperative American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification, Grade C was found in 3 cases and Grade D in 5 cases. Screws were placed on the lateral masses and the first thoracic pedicle with Margerl technique. Lamina or facet bone allografting was used to achieve a long-term stability.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 8 patients were followed up for 5-37 months (mean: 15 months). No operative death occurred. There were no examples of aggravation of spinal cord injury or vertebral artery injury, cerebrospinal fluid leak, nerve roots injury, screw malposition or back-out, loose of alignment or implant failure. Clinical symptoms and ASIA classification were improved in all the patients. Postoperative MRI scanning confirmed the satisfactory screw placement in all the cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Lateral mass plates and pedicle screws through posterior approach are safe and beneficial for patients with lower cervical spine C6 or C7 injury.</p>